Keeping your trailer on the road starts with identifying small issues before they lead to major downtime. The following troubleshooting tips can help you recognize common problems involving brakes, tires, landing gear, lights, and hydraulic systems.
Begin with basic checks such as confirming air-line and electrical connections, verifying adequate air pressure, checking tire inflation, inspecting for loose or damaged components, and making sure hydraulic fluid levels are sufficient. Some issues may be corrected through routine adjustments, lubrication, cleaning, or replacing a fuse, hose, valve, or damaged wire.
Common warning signs include:
- Brakes that will not release, drag, grab, or respond properly
- Uneven tire wear, loss of tire pressure, or a trailer pulling to one side
- Landing gear that is difficult or impossible to crank
- Dim, flickering, or completely inoperative trailer lights
- Hydraulic cylinders that will not operate or hold
- Noisy hydraulic pumps or restricted fluid flow
Observe recommended day-to-day maintenance practices and use only lubricants and replacement parts that meet the trailer manufacturer’s specifications. Repairs involving damaged brake assemblies, axles, bearings, pumps, structural components, or other major systems should be completed by a qualified technician.
Trailer Troubleshooting Guide
To help keep your trailer on the road and reduce unnecessary downtime, use this guide to identify common trailer problems, possible causes, and recommended remedies. Observe routine care and maintenance recommendations, watch for the symptoms described below, and contact Palmer Leasing when professional service is required.
Use only recommended lubricants and replacement parts that meet the trailer manufacturer’s specifications. Never attempt a repair that you are not trained or equipped to complete safely.
Brakes
Brakes Will Not Release
Low air pressure
Check the air-line connections and verify that there is sufficient air pressure in the tank.
Brake shoes bound up at the cams
Lubricate the brake operating components.
Restricted brake hoses
Replace the affected hoses.
Brakes out of adjustment
Adjust the brakes.
Damaged brake assembly
Bring the trailer to Palmer Leasing for repair.
No Brakes or Insufficient Brakes
Air supply shut off at the tractor
Push the tractor control valve in.
Low brake-line pressure
Check the tractor’s air-pressure gauge and inspect the compressor.
Brake lines between the tractor and trailer are not properly connected
Reconnect and properly couple the brake lines.
Reservoir drain cock is open
Close the drain cock.
Slow Brake Application or Release
Lack of lubrication
Lubricate the brake operating components.
Excessive travel in the brake chamber
Adjust the brakes.
Restriction in a hose or line
Replace the affected brake hose or line.
Defective brake valve
Replace the brake valve.
Brakes Grabbing
Foreign material on the brake lining
Reline the brakes.
Brakes out of adjustment
Adjust the brakes.
Brake drum is out of round
Replace the brake drum.
Damaged brake chamber or internal assembly
Bring the trailer to Palmer Leasing for repair.
Leaking or broken hose between the relay valve and brake chamber
Repair or replace the hose as required.
Brakes Dragging
Brakes out of adjustment
Adjust the brakes.
Binding cam, anchor pins, or chamber-rod-end pin
Lubricate and free the affected components.
Damaged brake assembly or out-of-round brake drum
Replace the damaged component.
Wheels, Tires and Alignment
Rim and Axle Issues
Broken or cracked spring
Replace the complete spring.
Weak spring
Replace the complete spring.
Axle out of alignment
Align the axles.
Trailer tracks to one side or has excessive tire wear
Align the axles.
Tire wobble caused by uneven rim clamping
Torque and tighten all rim clamps.
Burned, worn, or damaged wheel bearings
Replace the bearings.
Bent wheel or rim
Replace the wheel or rim.
Bent axle
Straighten or replace the axle.
Leaking oil
Replace the wheel seals.
Trailer Tracks to One Side
Broken leaf spring
Replace the complete spring.
Bent axle
Straighten or replace the axle.
Axles out of alignment
Align the axles.
Loss of Tire Air Pressure
Punctured tire
Repair or replace the tire.
Faulty valve or valve core
Replace the valve assembly or core.
Uneven Tire Wear
Overinflation or underinflation
Inflate the tires to the proper pressure.
Loose wheel-stud nuts or clamps
Tighten the wheel-stud nuts or clamps.
Loose or overly tight wheel-bearing adjustment
Adjust the bearings.
Bent or misaligned axle
Straighten, align, or replace the axle.
Tires are not properly matched
Install properly matched tires.
Improper brake actuation
Correct the brakes as required.
Frequent rapid stopping
Apply the brakes more gradually when approaching a stop.
High-speed driving through turns
Reduce speed when turning.
Landing Gear
Landing Gear Will Not Crank or Is Difficult to Crank
Bent crankshaft
Straighten or replace the shaft.
Bent cross shaft
Replace the shaft.
Insufficient or incorrect lubricant
Lubricate the landing gear according to the manufacturer’s lubrication chart.
Damaged gears or components
Free or replace the damaged components.
Jackscrew nut is jammed
Replace the inner leg assembly.
Electrical System
General Electrical Problems
Circuit breaker repeatedly trips
Locate and correct the short. Splice or repair the affected wiring.
Burned wires
Replace the damaged wiring.
Dirty or corroded contact points
Remove the lamp unit and clean the contact points.
Loss of ground at the bulb
Repair the ground connection as necessary.
Complete Loss of Trailer Lights
Broken main wiring harness
Repair or replace the wire or harness.
Blown fuse or tripped breaker
Replace the fuse or reset or replace the breaker as appropriate.
Broken ground lead between the tractor and trailer
Check, repair, or replace the jumper cable, if equipped.
Loose or corroded connection in the ground lead
Repair or replace the connection.
Dim or Flickering Lights
Tractor battery is not sufficiently charged
Charge or service the tractor battery.
Damaged wire in the jumper cable
Repair or replace the wire.
Dirty or corroded contact blades
Clean the contact blades.
Loose electrical connection
Repair the connection as necessary.
Poor ground at the socket
Repair the ground connection as necessary.
Hydraulic System
Hydraulic Cylinder Will Not Operate
Insufficient oil level
Fill the reservoir to the proper level.
Restricted oil flow
Locate and remove the restriction.
Worn pump
Repair or replace the pump.
Hydraulic hose is not connected
Connect the hose securely.
Restricted control linkage
Inspect and repair the linkage.
Broken key or keyway in the drive
Repair or replace the key or keyway.
Hydraulic Cylinder Will Not Hold
Air in the hydraulic system
Bleed the system by cycling it several times.
Valve-control lever is not in the hold position
Inspect and repair the linkage.
Worn control valve
Repair or replace the valve.
Worn pump
Repair or replace the pump.
Noisy Hydraulic Pump
Air in the hydraulic system
Bleed the air from the system.
Restricted oil flow
Drain the tank and remove the restriction.
Insufficient oil supply
Fill the reservoir to the proper level.
PTO operating at excessive RPM
Lower the PTO speed.
Water in the hydraulic oil
Drain the system and replace the oil.
Dirty or contaminated oil
Drain the system and replace the oil.
Incorrect oil viscosity or oil type
Drain the system and refill it with the manufacturer-recommended oil.
Worn or damaged pump
Replace the pump.
Need Service?
Some conditions can be resolved through routine inspections, lubrication, adjustments, or replacement of minor components. Problems involving damaged brake assemblies, structural parts, bearings, axles, hydraulic pumps, or other major systems should be handled by a qualified technician.
Contact Palmer Leasing for service assistance:
service@palmerleasing.com
314-389-4400